Back to Hanne's Technotes Page
Last updated: February 10, 2010
To rip track 7 from a CD and save it to the file cdda13.raw: cdparanoia -p -d /dev/cdrom "7" cdda13.raw To make an audio CD from a number of ripped files: cdrecord -v speed=2 dev=0,6,0 -audio track1.cdr track2.cdr...
Mute: aumix -v M Op: aumix -v +15 Ned: aumix -v -15
mapping bad blocks away: Boot from RedHat CDROM. Lilo: linux rescue Say no to mount Linux Partition, you get a shell. badblocks -o /tmp/blocks /dev/hda5 e2fsck -l /tmp/blocks /dev/hda5
To make XFCE allow a user to shutdown without giving password ============================================================== Insert in the sudoers file: user hostname = NOPASSWD: /opt/xfce4/libexec/xfsm-shutdown-helper
Transfer photos from nokia 6230 to Linux via bluetooth
======================================================
See http://frommars.org/2005/01/transferring-pictures-from-nokia-to.html
# yum install gnome-bluetooth bluez-utils
# /etc/init.d/bluetooth start
Turn on bluetooth on phone.
# hcitool scan
Scanning ...
00:12:62:C5:C0:30 Nokia 6230
# hcitool cc --role=s 00:12:62:C5:C0:30
$ gnome-panel
Applications -> System Tools -> Bluetooth File sharing
On the phone select and send the photos.
On PC pop up dialog will ask you to accept.
Remember to disable blueooth on the phone and PC afterwards.
mkisofs -b images/boot.img -c boot.cat -r -o kickstartibm_v1.iso cdrom/
Color definitions are found in: /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/rgb.txt
To edit cups settings by hand, or just to get the file out for transfering to another computer: gunzip /etc/alchemist/namespace/printconf/local.adl or /usr/sbin/redhat-config-printer-tui --Xexport > settings.xml It is a XML file, you can edit it by hand if you want. I recommend doing it in Red Hats setup tool because the format of the xml file is hard to understand. To import it back in: /usr/sbin/redhat-config-printer-tui --Ximport < settings.xml
Make image mkisofs -r -o cd_image mydata/ Make image of a CD you already have: dd if=/dev/cdrom of=cd_image Mount the image: mount -t iso9660 -o ro,loop=/dev/loop0 cd_image /cdrom Write CD: cdrecord -v speed=16 dev=0,0,0 -data cd_image See more: http://mirrors.sunsite.dk/ldp/HOWTO/CD-Writing-HOWTO
Network interfaces in debian are defined in /etc/network/interfaces.
Dokuwiki syntax =============== ===== Eksempel på tabel ===== ^ Heading 1 ^ Heading 2 ^ Heading 3 ^ | Row 1 Col 1 | Row 1 Col 2 | Row 1 Col 3 | | Row 2 Col 1 | some colspan (note the double pipe) || | Row 3 Col 1 | Row 2 Col 2 | Row 2 Col 3 | ===== Eksempel på link ===== [[noter:hanne|Pæn tekst]]
Slå journal til: tune2fs -O has_journal /dev/hda2 Slå journal fra: tune2fs -O ^has_journal /dev/hda2
Find with the exec argument:
find ./fisk -gid 552 -exec chgrp fisk {} \;
Acessing remote dirs via ssh inside a file commander In Midnight commander: F9, Shell link: /#sh:ip.addr:/tmp/ In konqueror: fish://hm@ssh.itu.dk/~hm
Xdvi fails. mkdir /var/lib/texmf/pk/cx/public/ [root@stud175 root]# mkdir /var/lib/texmf/pk/cx/public/cm [root@stud175 root]# chmod -R a+w /var/lib/texmf/
How to set the port inetrval ftp uses: echo "56000 60999" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_local_port_range
Problem: GNOME and some GNOME applications, e.g. Galeon and Nautilus, will not start and give an error message about "GConf Error". Reason: GConf is a system for storing the user's application preferences. Only one gconf server should be running at the time, not to mess up your preferences. A lock file in the user's home directory normally ensures this. On NFS mounted home directories with NFS locking is disabled or not working properly, the "Gconf server" cannot make the appropriate locks on some files in your home directories. Solution: Enable NFS locking OR In your .profile, insert the line export GCONF_LOCAL_LOCKS=1
Problem: Rounding error in Gnumeric When I do my time sheet in Gnumeric, sometimes it insists that the sum of of my hours is for example 6:17:59, where "59" id seconds, eventhough I have only typed "whole minutes" in the other fields. Solution: Set the format of the cells to h:mm:ss instead of [h]:mm:ss. (http://mail.gnome.org/archives/gnumeric-list/2003-October/msg00098.html) Bug 125441
Prevent google access ===================== Insert the following into your web page <head> section to avoid google indexing and caching the page: <META NAME="GOOGLEBOT" CONTENT="NOSNIPPET"> <META NAME="ROBOTS" CONTENT="NOINDEX, NOFOLLOW"> See http://www.google.com/webmasters/remove.html
Making a screen grab of Kdm: Lave et screen grab af Kdm: Kdm runs on ip52 Ssh from other machine, or. I suppose, can be done from virtual console on same machine: $ ssh root@ip52 [root@ip52 root]# ps ax |grep X 11785 ? SL 0:03 /etc/X11/X -auth /var/lib/kdm/authfiles/A:0-HaqiT6 [root@ip52 root]# export XAUTHORITY=/var/lib/kdm/authfiles/A:0-HaqiT6 [root@ip52 root]# export DISPLAY=:0 [root@ip52 root]# xwd -root > kdm.xwd
How to see if the box runs grub or lilo dd if=/dev/hda bs=512 count=1 2>&1 | grep GRUB If this does match, we have grub. dd if=/dev/hda bs=512 count=1 2>&1 | grep LILO This matches both grub and lilo. So check for grub first, and use this to check for lilo against for example nt bootloader or other. Warning: This did not work on my dell d800 at work, which runs fedora core 1 with a 2.6 kernel from fedora development, and runs grub. No match. Weird machine anyway, but still...
Possible reasons: 1) Wrong permissions on /tmp chmod 1777 /tmp 2) Truetype font to early on the list in the config file /etc/X11/fs/config # paths to search for fonts catalogue = /usr/ttf,/usr/lib/X11/fonts/misc/,/usr/lib/X11/fonts/cyrillic/,/usr/ lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/:unscaled,/usr/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/:unscaled,/usr/lib/X11/f onts/Type1/,/usr/lib/X11/fonts/CID,/usr/lib/X11/fonts/Speedo/,/usr/lib/X11/fonts /100dpi/,/usr/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/ Move the ttf dir to later in the list. 3) Disk full Check with "df -h" 4) xfs package broken, reinstall the xfs package.
plucker-build --db-name="Linux - Friheden til at vælge" --db-file=Friheden --home-url="http://www.sslug.dk/linuxbog/friheden/bog/index.html" --maxdepth=1 --zlib-compression --staybelow="http://www.sslug.dk/linuxbog/friheden/bog/" --stayonhost plucker-build --stayonhost -M 3 --noimages --db-name="The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy" -H http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Horizon/3250/thgttg.htm -f thhgttg --zlib-compression
To run ircii with 2 windows with a new server open in window number 2: /window new /window list /window goto 1 /window server irc.freenode.net /join #linux.dk To get my nick back when someone stole it: /msg nickserv ghost <nick> <nickserv password> Then nickserv instructs me the rest of the way. To ignore someone ignore username all ignore username none
How to enable Java in Opera: File -> Preferences -> Multimedia. In the path field, type /usr/java/jdk/jre/lib/i386/ or wherever your java kit is installed. Click "OK", and exit your Opera browser. The next time you start it, java will work.
Disable auto opening of URLS: ============================= http://www.vlug.org/pipermail/discuss/2002-November/005764.html The icon of Klipper is in the panel, looks like a notepad with a white sheet having a big K in it. At least here, kde 2. Click on the icon, go to the pref's. Thanks, I disabled the actions. I'll see if this works! Editing the kicker panel by hand: ================================= /usr/share/config/kickerrc Editing global settings in an easier way ======================================== Note: just making changes logged in as root does not do the job as root is treated as just another user. What you CAN do though is type export KDEHOME=$KDEDIR before starting kde as root. Then KDEHOME overides 'kdehome' so instead of making changes in roots private config area it will edit the config files in the install directory so any users will have the modified files as their default. Make sure KDEHOME is cleared before you start as a user though.
How to make a last modified linie on your web pages
===================================================
In php:
<?php
$s = filectime("$SCRIPT_FILENAME");
$chg = date("F j, Y", $s);
echo("Updated on " . $chg . "\n");
eller
// outputs e.g. somefile.txt was last modified: December 29 2002
// 22:16:23.
$filename = $SCRIPT_FILENAME;
if (file_exists($filename)) {
echo "$filename was last modified: " . date ("F d Y H:i:s.",
filemtime($filename));
}
?>
In ssi:
http://httpd.apache.org/docs/howto/ssi.html#apachetutorial:introductiontoservers
ideincludes
Insert the lines »AddType text/html .ssi« and »AddHandler server-parsed
.ssi« in Apache's configuration file.
Use »<!--#include virtual="/includes/head.incl" -->« to include the file
"/includes/head.incl" (relative to the documentroot) in a ssi file.
"index.ssi" replaces "index.html". "/includes/head.incl" is the file
with the menu. <!--#echo var="lastmodifyby" -->« is used to insert the
date of the last change.
(Thanks to sparre)
mozilla: /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins/ sudo ln -s /usr/java/jdk1.3.1/jre/plugin/i386/ns600/libjavaplugin_oji.so libjavaplugin_oji.so netscape 4: cd /usr/lib/netscape/plugins/ sudo ln -s /usr/java/jdk1.3.1/jre/plugin/i386/ns4/javaplugin.so javaplugin.so AND disable java plugin in netscape preferences!!
mount: error 6 mounting ext3 ============================ Problem: Kernel panic when rebooting with new kernel after upgrading to FC4 on a Dell Poweredge 1750 Error message: mount: error 6 mounting ext3 error dup2'ing fd of 0 to 0 error dup2'ing fd of 0 to 1 error dup2'ing fd of 0 to 2 ... switchroot: mount failed:22 Solution: Boot with older kernel (or cd or whatever). Replace megaraid with megaraid_mbox in /etc/modprobe.conf and make new initrd.
To mount a floppy image ======================== # mkdir /mnt/boot # mount -o loop -t msdos boot.img /mnt/boot
Problem: The printer icon in mozilla's modern theme is mixed woth the stop icon of the classic theme: cd .mozilla/hm/blabla rm chrome/*
Title ===== id3tag -s"Ruby" 01_Ruby.mp3 id3tag -s"The Angry Mob" 02_The_Angry_Mob.mp3 id3tag -s"Heat Dies Down" 03_Heat_Dies_Down.mp3 Track number ============ id3tag -t1 01_Ruby.mp3 id3tag -t2 02_The_Angry_Mob.mp3 id3tag -t3 03_Heat_Dies_Down.mp3 Genre ===== id3tag -g17 *.mp3 List of genres: http://www.linuxselfhelp.com/HOWTO/MP3-HOWTO-13.html#ss13.3 Examples: 0 Blues 8 Jazz 9 Metal 13 Pop 17 Rock 32 Classical 52 Electronic Artist ====== id3tag -a"Kaiser Chiefs" *.mp3 Album ===== id3tag -A"Your Truly, Angry Mob" *.mp3
Make a track for an audio CD from an mp3 file: mpg123 --cdr - track1.mp3 > track1.cdr
Getting mplayer to work: gmplayer -vo x11
#!/bin/sh echo 'PS1="\[\e[42;1m\][\u@\h:\w]\[\e[0m\] " #(giftig grøn) export PS1' >> /root/.bashrc sed 's/root ALL=(ALL) ALL/root ALL=(ALL) ALL \ hm ALL=(ALL) ALL/' /etc/sudoers >> /tmp/sudoers mv -f /tmp/sudoers /etc/sudoers chmod 440 /etc/sudoers
See how fast my network card is running: /sbin/mii-tool or ethtool eth0
Download image fra server ========================= Klient: nc server 8123 | dd of=/dev/hda bs=1M Server: dd if=imagefile bs=1M | nc -l 8123 Uploade image til server ======================== Klient: dd if=/dev/hda bs=1M | nc server 8123 Server: nc -l 8123 | dd of=imagenavn bs=1M Upload med gzip =============== Klient: dd if=/dev/hda bs=1M | gzip -c | nc server 8123 Server: nc -l 8123 | dd of=imagenavn.gz bs=1M Download med gzip ================= Klient: nc server 8123 | zcat | dd of=/dev/hda bs=1M Server: dd if=imagefile.gz bs=1M | nc -l 8123
Printers in Openoffice.org
==========================
Following a Server Installation, the system administrator first logs on
as user root and starts the printer administration program spadmin. The
administrator then creates a general printer configuration file called
{installpath}/share/psprint/ psprint.conf for all users. All changes are
immediately available to all users.
Openoffice.org will not start
=============================
Remove the following files:
rm -r .user52.rdb (If you use StarOffice 5.2)
rm -r .user60.rdb (OpenOffice 1.0 and StarOffice 6.0)
rm .sversionrc (all versions of Star/Open office)
If this does not solve the problem remove the openoffice directory in
your home directory. Make sure you didn't save work files in the
directory before you remove it.
Installing openoffice.org system wide
======================================
# tar xvzf OOo_1.0.0_LinuxIntel_install.tar.gz
# cd install
# ./setup /net
Dump before backup ought to have been done with: postgresql-dump -t /var/lib/pgsql/backup/db.bak -p /var/lib/pgsql/backup/old -d (see /usr/share/doc/postgresql-7.1.3/README.rpm-dist) We did: # su - postgres $ pg_dump mydb > /tmp/mydb.db Restore: ======= # su - postgres $ createuser mydbuser $ createdb mydb -U mydbuser $ psql mydb < /tmp/mydb.db Other commands ================ See databaser: pqsl -l Connect to database: psql -d mydbuser (or as user mydbuser: pqsl) Commands in pqsql ================= \q to get out \h for help.
Show me directories find ./ -type d -maxdepth 1 Show me directories and symlinks ls -l --color | grep ^[d,l]
This is how to remove ^M in vi: :%s/^M// where you press ^v before ^M.
Build RPM from source
=====================
rpmbuild --rebuild irssi-*.src.rpm
Rebuild RPM as ordinary user
============================
echo >~/.rpmmacros "%_topdir ${HOME}/rpm"
mkdir -p ~/rpm
cd ~/rpm
mkdir -p RPMS/{i386,i586,i686,noarch} SRPMS BUILD SOURCE SPECS
# Install source rpm foo-42-42:
rpm -i ~/foo-42-42.src.rpm
# Build foo:
rpm -ba ~/rpm/SPECS/foo.spec
Do not strip executables
========================
Put
%__os_install_post \
/usr/lib/rpm/brp-compress \
/usr/lib/rpm/brp-strip-comment-note \
%{nil}
in your ~/.rpmmacros.
RPM hangs
=========
If rpm hangs on FUTEX_WAIT something - you can check this by running
strace rpm -qv something -
then this helps:
export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.4.1
Append to line sed 's/$/.i386.rpm/' package-list > package-list1
Scenario: I want to log into Friends machine to fix a problem for him, but he is between a firewall or ADSL router and do not have port 22 open. I want to solve this by having him open an ssh connection to me, and then use ssh tunneling. Solution: On Friend's machine: ssh -R 2222:localhost:22 mymachine.mydomian -l friend Friend is asked for a password. That is the password for the "friend" account on my machine. On my machine: ssh -p 2222 localhost -l friend Now I have to type the password for the "friend" account on his machine. And I am in.
Making a swap file ================== As root: # dd if=/dev/zero of=swapfile bs=1024 count=102400 102400+0 records in 102400+0 records out # mkswap /swapfile # swapon /swapfile
Get cool transparent Eterm: Eterm --trans --tint cyan
Getting the typhoon (Atmel) wireless card to wok on Linux wget http://atmelwlandriver.sourceforge.net/snapshots/atmelwlandriver-ss-20030217.tar.gz cd /usr/src/linux cp configs/kernel-2.4.18-i386.config .config vi Makefile: EXTRAVERSION = -8custom (fjern custom) make oldconfig make dep cd tar xvzf atmelwlandriver-ss-20030217.tar.gz (or atmelwlandriver-ss-20030830.tar.gz, perhaps a newer one exists now) cd atmelwlandriver/ echo -e "n\n n\n y\n n\n y\n n\n n\n y\n n\n n\n n\n n" | make config make clean; make all; make install modprobe pcmf502rd pcmf502rd
Insert the line
user_pref("general.useragent.override", "Any Browser");
in the file "user.js"
under .mozilla/<user>/<crap>/
The file may not exist, in that case create it.
Emulate Internet Explorer (to work with bonaparte.dk):
user_pref("general.useragent.override", "Mozilla/7.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; Linux really)");
Indent i vi 1G=G
Problem:
I want to restrict access to a certain ftp download area to the people
who knows a specific username and password. I do not want these people
to be able to log in to the system.
Solution:
vi vsftpd.conf
#Allow guest
guest_enable=YES
#But not just any guest
guest_username=myusername
===
[root]# mkdir /etc/ftp
[root]# perl -e 'use DB_File; tie %db, "DB_File",
"/etc/ftp/users.db", O_CREAT|O_RDWR, 0600; $db{"myusername"}="mypassword"'
vi /etc/passwd:
myusername:*:503:503::/home/ftp:/bin/bash
====
vi /etc/pam.d/ftp:
#%PAM-1.0
auth required /lib/security/pam_listfile.so item=user
sense=deny file=/etc/ftpusers onerr=succeed
auth required /lib/security/pam_userdb.so db=/etc/ftp/users
#auth required /lib/security/pam_stack.so service=system-auth
auth required /lib/security/pam_shells.so
#account required /lib/security/pam_stack.so service=system-auth
#session required /lib/security/pam_stack.so service=system-auth
account required /lib/security/pam_pwdb.so
session required /lib/security/pam_pwdb.so
Correspondance between global and local onfig dirs: /usr/share/WindowMaker/ = ~/GNUStep/Library/ /etc/X11/WindowMaker/ = ~/GNUStep/Defaults
Command line to start X from remote machine: ============================================ sudo X :1 -query <hostname> -ac Sudo not neccesary on all distributions. Server setup ============ /etc/gdm/gdm.conf: [daemon] RemoteGreeter=/usr/bin/gdmlogin [xdmcp] Enable=true Troubleshooting =============== Error: X starts but hangs, no gdm. In the log: gdm_slave_run: Sleeping 3 on a retry Solution: Disable firewall on local machine, or figure out which ports to open.
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Last updated: February 10, 2010